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Jordan, David Starr, 1851-1931

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David Starr Jordan
David Starr Jordan

David Starr Jordan, Ph.D., LL.D. (January 19, 1851 – September 19, 1931) was a leading ichthyologist (the study of fish), educator and peace activist. He was president of Indiana University and Stanford University. Jordan was also an early leader in the American Eugenics movement.

Biography

Born into a farm family of Gainesville, New York, he entered the newly-established Cornell University as an undergraduate in 1866, and received a master's degree in 1872; he was an instructor in botany at Cornell beginning in 1870.

He then moved to Indianapolis and acquired an MD from Indiana Medical College (1875), after lecturing in 1874 on marine botany at the Anderson summer school of natural history at Penikese Island, Massachusetts, and on botany and ichthyology at the Harvard School of Geology in 1875.

He earned Ph.D. from Butler University in 1878, taking up a professorship in science at Indiana University in 1879.

From 1879 through 1881 he was a special agent of the United States census for the marine industries of the Pacific coast, and he also held appointments at various times with United States Fish Commission, beginning in 1877 and extending through 1891.

He was appointed president of Indiana University on January 1, 1885, and then went to Stanford in 1891 to become its first president, later becoming its chancellor in 1913, in order to have more time available for his peace activities (a new trustee by the name of Herbert Hoover helped arrange this). Jordan retired in 1916.

He was president of the California Academy of Sciences from 1896 to 1904 and after 1908. He was also president of the World Peace Foundation from 1910 to 1914 and chaired the World Peace Conference in 1915.

Jordan was an extremely prolific writer, with 650 articles and books on ichthyology alone, and 1,400 other works. As of 1881, Jordan had already published about 250 papers on North American ichthyology, also the Manual of the Vertebrates of the Northern United States. In 1910, David Starr Jordan, Stanford's first President, was asked by another professor how many students he knew by name. "Whenever I learn the name of a student," the renowned ichthyologist responded, "I forget the name of a fish."

Jordan is somewhat notable in the fields of political science and international relations for his optimistic statements about the future of the world before the outbreak of World War I. According to the book Understanding International Conflicts by Joseph Nye, Jordan incorrectly predicted in 1910 that nations would not go to war in the future because it would cause too much damage to their economies. He was a member of Delta Upsilon.

Monuments and memorials

  • NOAA research vessel David Starr Jordan [1]
  • David Starr Jordan High School in Los Angeles, California
  • David Starr Jordan High School in Long Beach, California
  • David Starr Jordan Junior High School in Burbank, California
  • Jordan Middle School in Palo Alto, California
  • "Jordan River", a stream flowing through the Indiana University campus, and Jordan Hall, the biology building at IU
  • Jordan Avenue in Bloomington
  • Jordan Hall, a large classroom and academic building on the campus of Butler University in Indianapolis
  • Jordan Hall, home of the Psychology Department at Stanford University

Notable works

  • Manual of the Vertebrates of the Northern United States (1876)
  • Science sketches (1887)
  • Fishes of North and Middle America (four volumes, 1896-1900)
  • The Philosophy of Despair (1901)
  • Food and Game Fishes of North America (1902), with B. W. Evermann
  • Guide to the Study of Fishes (1905)
  • Life's Enthusiasms (1906)
  • Days of a Man (1922) - autobiography
  • The Blood of the Nation
  • War and Waste (1913)
  • War's Aftermath (1914), with H. E. Jordan
  • Ways of Lasting Peace
  • Democracy and World Relations
  • Imperial Democracy
  • Shore Fishes of Hawaii

Eponymy

The genera Jordania Starks, 1895, Davidijordania Popov, 1931, and Jordanella Goode & Bean, 1879 are named after him.

Species named after him include:

  • Agonomalus jordani Jordan & Starks, 1904.
  • Agonomalus jordani Schmidt, 1904.
  • Allocareproctus jordani (Burke, 1930).
  • Astyanax jordani (Hubbs & Innes, 1936).
  • Caelorinchus jordani Smith & Pope, 1906.
  • Caulophryne jordani Goode & Bean, 1896.
  • Chimaera jordani Tanaka, 1905.
  • Charal, Chirostoma jordani Woolman, 1894.
  • Jordan's tuskfish, Choerodon jordani (Snyder, 1908).
  • Flame wrasse, Cirrhilabrus jordani Snyder, 1904.
  • Smooth lumpfish, Cyclopteropsis jordani Soldatov, 1929.
  • Diplacanthopoma jordani Garman, 1899.
  • Mimic triplefin, Enneanectes jordani (Evermann & Marsh, 1899).
  • Petrale sole, Eopsetta jordani (Lockington, 1879).
  • Greenbreast darter, Etheostoma jordani Gilbert, 1891.
  • Gadella jordani (Böhlke & Mead, 1951).
  • Yellow Irish lord, Hemilepidotus jordani Bean, 1881.
  • Brokenline lanternfish, Lampanyctus jordani Gilbert, 1913.
  • Jordan's snapper, Lutjanus jordani (Gilbert, 1898).
  • Shortjaw eelpout, Lycenchelys jordani (Evermann & Goldsborough, 1907).
  • Malthopsis jordani Gilbert, 1905.
  • Gulf grouper, Mycteroperca jordani (Jenkins & Evermann, 1889).
  • Neosalanx jordani Wakiya & Takahashi, 1937.
  • Patagonotothen jordani (Thompson, 1916).
  • Ptychidio jordani Myers, 1930.
  • Northern ronquil, Ronquilus jordani (Gilbert, 1889).
  • Shortbelly rockfish, Sebastes jordani (Gilbert, 1896).
  • Jordan's damsel, Teixeirichthys jordani (Rutter, 1897).
  • Jordan's sculpin, Triglops jordani (Schmidt, 1903).

References

  • Edward McNall Burns, David Starr Jordan: Prophet of Freedom (Stanford, 1953)
  • Alice N. Hays, David Starr Jordan: A Bibliography of His Writings 1871-1931 (Stanford, 1952)
  • This article incorporates text from the public domain Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography.

External links

Preceded by
Lemuel Moss
President of Indiana University
1884–1891
Succeeded by
John Merle Coulter
Preceded by
None
President of Stanford University
1891–1913
Succeeded by
John C. Branner

This biographical information was gathered from the David_Starr_Jordan page, courtesy of the Wikipedia project.

Books

A Book of Natural History Young Folks' Library Volume XIV.
California and the Californians
The Call of the Twentieth Century An Address to Young Men
Life's Enthusiasms
The Philosophy of Despair
The Story of the Innumerable Company, and Other Sketches

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